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By Rebecca Williams•Last Updated July 30, 2025

Step-by-Step Guide to Earning Your Real Estate Agent License: Requirements, Process, and Expert Strategies

Introduction: Launching Your Real Estate Career

Becoming a licensed real estate agent opens doors to a dynamic career in property sales, leasing, and investment. The process requires commitment, education, and compliance with state regulations. Whether you want a flexible schedule, substantial earning potential, or the satisfaction of helping clients achieve their dreams, securing your real estate agent license is the crucial first step.

Eligibility Requirements: Who Can Apply?

All U.S. states require you to meet basic criteria before pursuing a real estate license. Typically, you must be at least 18 years old , possess a high school diploma or GED, and be either a U.S. citizen or a lawfully admitted alien. Some states may require additional documentation, such as proof of residency or a valid government-issued ID. For instance, the New York State Department of State specifies these requirements and mandates a current NYS photo driver’s license or non-driver ID card [3] .

Step 1: Complete Pre-Licensing Education

Every state requires aspiring agents to finish a state-approved pre-licensing education program. The number of required hours varies:

Virginia: 60 hours [1]
Illinois: 75 hours (including 60 hours of broker pre-license topics and 15 hours of applied principles) [2]
New York: 77 hours [3]
Iowa: 60 hours for broker pre-license (plus 24 months experience as a salesperson) [4]

Courses are offered by accredited real estate schools, colleges, and online providers. Typical subjects include property law, contracts, finance, ethics, and state-specific regulations. To find approved education providers, search your state’s licensing board or department of professional regulation. For New York, use the eAccessNY database to locate a school by name or region [3] .

Step 2: Pass the Real Estate Licensing Exam

After completing education, you must pass a state licensing exam that tests both national and local real estate principles. Exam formats generally include multiple-choice questions and are administered at authorized testing centers. For instance:

Virginia: Two sections (national and state-specific) [1]
Illinois: State portion (40 questions) and national portion (100 questions), with up to four attempts allowed [2]
Iowa: State and national portions, both must be valid at the time of application (exam scores valid for six months) [4]

Exam registration is typically done via the state’s licensing board website or through approved vendors. Fees range from $50 to $100 per attempt, depending on the state. Be sure to review the Candidate Information Bulletin provided by your state board for details on exam format, required documentation, and scheduling.

Step 3: Secure Sponsorship from a Licensed Broker

Most states require new agents to work under the supervision of a licensed real estate broker. This sponsorship is essential for activating your license and beginning professional practice. In Illinois, for example, you must obtain a Managing Broker Sponsorship before applying for your license [2] . Your sponsoring broker will confirm your employment and guide you through onboarding, compliance, and mentorship.

To find a sponsoring broker, research local firms, attend industry networking events, or consult your real estate school’s placement resources. Consider evaluating brokerages based on reputation, commission structure, training programs, and market opportunities. Ask about mentorship, technology support, and ongoing education.

Step 4: Submit Your License Application

Once you’ve passed the exam and secured a broker, you must submit a formal application to your state’s licensing authority. The process typically involves:

Submitting proof of completed education and exam results
Providing identification and sponsorship confirmation
Paying an application fee (usually $50-$200)

Many states offer online portals for application submission. For example, Illinois uses the Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation (IDFPR) portal for uploads and payment [2] . In New York, you can apply through the eAccessNY system after your principal broker authorizes your application [3] .

If you have questions on submitting documents or requirements for specific license types, contact your state board directly or use their official help resources. For example, Illinois provides an official contact email for application questions: [email protected] [2] .

Step 5: Additional Requirements and Background Checks

Some states require additional steps such as criminal history checks, errors and omissions insurance, or certification of lawful presence. Iowa, for example, mandates a criminal history review and insurance before issuing a broker license [4] . Arizona offers exam waivers for spouses of active duty service members relocating to the state and has a two-year license term [5] .

Always consult your state’s official licensing board website for the most current regulations. Do not rely on third-party or unofficial sources for critical application steps or deadlines.

Alternative Pathways and Reciprocity

If you already hold a real estate license in another state, you may qualify for reciprocity or a streamlined licensing process. Arizona, for example, recognizes approved education and exam completion from other states, with additional requirements outlined in A.R.S. Â§32-2124 [5] . Check your state’s reciprocity agreements and be prepared to provide documentation of prior education, exam scores, and active licensure.

If you are a military spouse or have unique circumstances, some states offer special waivers or expedited applications. Contact your state licensing board for details.

Maximizing Your Opportunities: Scholarships, Financial Aid, and Support

Financial barriers should not prevent you from pursuing a real estate career. Many states and professional associations offer scholarships and financial assistance for pre-licensing education. Illinois REALTORSÂ® provides scholarships and accepts GI BillÂ® benefits for veterans enrolling in live classes [2] . To learn more, visit your state’s REALTORÂ® association or licensing board website.

Ask your education provider about payment plans, discounts, or bundled packages. Some schools offer career placement services and exam prep resources to increase your chances of success.

Common Challenges and Solutions

Obtaining a real estate license involves rigorous study and adherence to state laws. Common challenges include:

Managing coursework alongside work or family commitments
Understanding complex legal and ethical concepts
Passing the licensing exam on the first attempt

To overcome these obstacles, use study guides, attend exam prep workshops, and seek mentorship from experienced agents. Many states provide official candidate bulletins and practice exams. If you do not pass the exam, review your score report and focus on weak areas before retaking the test. Remember, most states allow multiple attempts.

After Licensing: What Comes Next?

Once licensed, you can legally represent buyers, sellers, and property owners in real estate transactions. You may also be required to complete post-licensing education or continuing education credits to maintain your license. For details on renewal periods and CE requirements, consult your state’s licensing board.

Joining local REALTORÂ® associations, attending professional development events, and leveraging technology can accelerate your career growth. Choose a niche, build a referral network, and stay informed on market trends.

Action Steps: Getting Started Today

Begin your journey by researching your state’s licensing requirements through the official state board or department of professional regulation. Search for approved real estate schools and compare course offerings. If you have prior experience or licensure in another state, inquire about reciprocity options.

If you are ready to apply, gather your identification, education transcripts, exam results, and broker sponsorship confirmation. Complete the online application through your state’s verified portal and pay the required fee. For any uncertainties or special circumstances, contact your state board directly for guidance.